从曹禺的道路到批评的真实：吕荧文艺之“真”再阐释
陈尔尼1, 孟新东2
1. 山东大学 文艺美学研究中心, 山东 济南 250100;
2. 河北师范大学 文学院, 河北 石家庄 050024
起止页码: 61--67页
DOI:
摘要：
“真”在吕荧文学批评中居于核心地位。以“真”为标尺，吕荧既肯定了曹禺剧作对人物与人世的细腻刻画，也批判了其部分作品中因逻辑断裂或观念先行而导致的“不真实”。吕荧之“真”是一个包含客观真实与主观真实的复合范畴，在客体维度指向对社会历史实在的客观反映，在主体层面强调创作者情感本真的艺术转化。吕荧将“真”与“诗”相联结，强调现实真实需超越表象的真实，经由诗性思维的淬炼最终达成审美化真实。吕荧的真实观一方面为现实主义批评提供可行的思维方式，另一方面为主体性批评奠定客观锚点，构建起主客交融的批评范式，既为理解文学真实的丰富性提供理论棱镜，更启示着当代文学批评重建价值坐标的可能路径。
From Cao Yu’s Path to the Truth of Criticism: Reinterpretation of “ The True” of Lv Ying’s Literary Concept
CHEN Erni1, MENG Xindong2
1. The Center of Literary Theory and Aesthetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100;
2. College of Liberal Arts, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
Abstract:
“The true” occupies a central position in Lv Ying’s literary criticism. Using “the true” as a criterion, Lv Ying both affirms the nuanced portrayal of characters and human life in Cao Yu’s plays and critiques the “untruthfulness” in some of his works resulting from logical inconsistencies or preconceived ideologies. Lv Ying’s conception of “the true” is a composite category encompassing both objective and subjective truth. On the objective dimension, it refers to the faithful reflection of socio-historical reality, while on the subjective level, it emphasizes the artistic transformation of the creator’s genuine emotions. Lv Ying connects “the true” with “poetry”, arguing that realistic truth must transcend superficial authenticity and, through the refinement of poetic thinking, ultimately achieve an aestheticized truth. On the one hand, Lu Ying’s view of truth provides a feasible way of thinking for realistic criticism, on the other hand, it lays an objective anchor for subjective criticism and constructs a critical paradigm of the integration of subject and object, which not only provides a theoretical prism for understanding the richness of literary truth, but also enlightens the possible path for contemporary literary criticism to reconstruct its value framework.
收稿日期: 2025-3-1
基金项目: 山东省社科规划项目“马克思主义理论视野下的‘讲好中国故事’研究”（22CZWJ09）
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